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Viburnum L. (Adoxaceae)

A genus of about 150 species of shrubs and small trees; largely temperate, and primarily in Asia and North America.

Although a number of native species occur in North Carolina, only four reach the size of small trees.

Key to Viburnum in North Carolina

1. Leaves entire or with a crenate margin, the teeth < 5 per cm of margin...2.

2. Leaves dull to slightly shiny above; peduncle (5-) avg. 13 (-25) mm long; leaves undulate-crenulate (or rarely entire); [of Mountains and upper Piedmont]... V. cassinoides (Northern wild raisin)

2. Leaves shiny above (as if varnished); peduncle (20-) avg. 35 (-50) mm long; leaves entire (rarely somewhat undulate-crenate); [of Coastal Plain, Piedmont, and low elevation boggy sites in the Mountains]...V. nudum (Southern wild raisin)

1. Leaves serrulate, the teeth > 5 per cm of margin....3.

3. Leaves herbaeous in texture, dull above; petioles and veins (lower surface) glabrous or slightly brown-scurfy; [widespread in our area, usually in bottomland or other mesic forests]...V. prunifolium (Black haw)

3. Leaves somewhat coriaceous in texture, glossy above (as if lacquered); petioles and veins (lower surface) red-scurfy; [of c. VA southward, usually in dry to dry-mesic woodlands and forests]...V. rufidulum (Southern black haw)